Recent Crimean History


Recent Crimean History

We’ve researched more than 2000 years of Crimean history and squeezed it into this recent Crimean history ADDucation list you can digest in under 5 minutes! It covers the background history about the Ukraine and it’s relationship with Crimea in an easy to digest way without politics or prejudice getting in the way. The Crimea is a beautiful region with a long coastline, steppes and mountains and an enviable climate. Hardly surprising then, that this Black Sea pearl is such a sought after prize. Throughout its history, the Crimea has been occupied by the Greeks, Romans, Tatars and the Ottoman Empire to name just a few.

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Subject Brief Answer Recent Crimean History Details
Location Black Sea Peninsula on southern coast of Ukraine
Capital Simferopol Inland city on site of ancient Greek city Neapolis. Population. 350,000
Population Approximately 2 million
Languages Ukrainian, Russian, Tatar Ukrainian is the official language but Russian is spoken by about 75% of the population. About 10% speak Tatar
Ethnicity Russians, Ukrainians, Tatars Ethnic Russians 58 %, Ukrainians 24%, Tatars 12%
Area 10,000 square miles (27,000 km2)
Climate Temperate continental Same latitude as Venice. Hot summers and cool winters. Tourist center on southern coast
Landscape Prairie, mountains and coast Around ¾ prairie land, mountains as high as 2500 feet (750 meters) and coastline
Economy Tourism, agriculture Including wine-making. In recent Crimean history it has become famous for Sovetskoye Shampanskoye (“Soviet champagne”) which is still made today
Attractions Various In recent Crimean history attractions includes beaches, palaces and villas, mountain scenery, spas and caves
Russia’s Fleet Sevastopol Base of Russia’s Black Sea fleet.
Early Occupants Countless Cimmerians, Greeks, Romans, Goths, Huns, Byzantine Empire, Tatars, Ottoman Empire. The Tatars were Mongol Muslims with roots going back to Genghis Khan.
Russian Occupants 1783 Annexation into Russian Empire
Crimean War 1853-56 Russia against Great Britain, France, Sardinia and Turkey. The Allies took Sevastopol where the Tsar had his Fleet thus preventing him from influence in the Mediterranean. Famous for poem the “Charge of the Light Brigade” which celebrates the British attacking the wrong Russian position, and Florence Nightingale treating British troops from 1854. Balaclava comes from the Crimean Town of the same name where the masks were first worn by soldiers to protect against the cold
Bolshevik annexation 1917 Civil war involving Tsarists, Bolsheviks and anarchists. Crimea incorporated into the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
Nazi Occupation 1942-1944 By German and Romanian troops after harsh battles and huge loss of life on all sides
Tatar Deportation 1944 Josef Stalin deports entire Tatar population to Soviet Union for alleged Nazi collaboration
Yalta Conference 1945 Held when Germany was close to defeat between Stalin, Churchill and US president Roosevelt. Sealed Poland’s fate as part of Soviet Union, and led to formation of the UN.
Transfer to Ukraine 1954 By Khrushchev from RSFSR to Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
End of Soviet Union 1991 President Gorbachev is on vacation in Crimea when coup takes place in Moscow. Russia and Ukraine divide Black Sea Fleet. Russia’s fleet stays in Sevastopol
Independence attempt 1992 Crimean government backed by Russia declares independence but fails
Rejoining Russia 1994 Yuri Meshkov – first elected president argues in favor of rejoining Russia
Meshkov ousted 1995 The government comes under national control but the Crimean assembly remains
Russian base 1997 An agreement permits Russia to keep its fleet there for 20 years
NATO manoeuvres 2006 US Marines from a Ukraine-NATO exercise encounter protesters prompting the local parliament to declare the Crimea a NATO free zone.
NATO M.A.P. 2008 Ukraine including Crimea becomes candidate to join NATO M.A.P. (Membership Action Plan) against Russian protests
NATO cancelled 2010 New president Viktor Yanukovych decides against NATO membership but continues relations and exercises
Yanukovych flees February 2014 Yanukovych leaves the Ukraine for Russia after lengthy protests. Interim government approves closer association with west and NATO
Republic of Crimea declared March 2014 Crimea becomes part of Russian Federation after referendum but remains part of the Ukraine according to its constitution. A process opposed by the US and the EU. Ukraine withdraws troops

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